Sequential Banknotes: from Manual to Automated Production

In China, commemorative banknotes are more than just banknotes; they serve as carriers of significant historical memories, reflections of Chinese culture, and symbols of national achievements. Because of this, the country sets a high store on quality standards for each note. Among the features most valued by collectors is the presence of consecutive serial numbers – the more unique and uninterrupted the sequence, the greater the collectible value.

However, ensuring perfect serial number continuity across commemorative banknotes is a highly challenging task.

All commemorative banknotes produced by China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation (CBPM) must withstand rigorous quality inspections before leaving the factory. If a defective banknote is identified, it must be removed and replaced with a new one. The replacement banknote is then inserted into the correct position within the sequence to maintain the continuity of serial numbers.

Traditionally, this process has been performed manually, which is both inefficient and error-prone. In particular, commemorative banknote production is often time-sensitive and requires skilled labour, and the limited availability of trained personnel was becoming a major constraint.